DNA - genetic material

100 facinating science and maths books                 DNA is nothing but genetic material which is responsible for transmission of genetic material from parent to offspring. DNA is also known as deoxyribose nucleic acid in its full form and defined as polymer of nucleotides. Nucleotides are nucleosides containing phosphate group. Nucleosides are deoxyribose and a nitrogen base adenosine, thymine, cytosin and guanine which are written by there first alphabet only. 
               DNA is present in nucleus of cell in eukaryotic cell while  prokaryotes lacks nucleus so DNA is present in prokaryotes in cytoplasm. It is wrapped by histones in eukaryotes. This histones condenses them in coiled structure while all histones form very compact state know as super coiled structure. 
                  DNA is present in double stranded form in most of cases including humans. This two strands are paired by hydrogen bonds. In this structure adenine pairs with thymine while guanine with cytosine with two and three hydrogen bonds respectively. 
                  DNA is of three main types A- dna which is slightly altered to B- DNA. While B DNA is present in humans. ZDNA is known by its zigzag structure. 
                  In some cases DNA is also found in triple helical and quadruplet structure that is three stranded and four stranded form respectively. 
                 DNA gets multiplied by replication mechanism in which polymerase enzyme multiply it. 
                  It's main function is to transmit hereditary information by multipling itself and passing to next cell or progeny. It contains sense and antisense strand while it multiplies in 5prime to 3 prime direction. 
                    RNA is formed on it and it again translated into protein. So this was all about DNA because of which we are what we are. 

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